IGCSE 0625 / Section 4.3.1 / Core

The language of circuits.

A circuit diagram is a kind of writing, each squiggle a known component. Learn the alphabet, and a tangle of wires on the bench becomes a clear, readable plan.

The key idea

Components are drawn with standard symbols. A light-dependent resistor has a low resistance in bright light, a thermistor has a low resistance when hot, a relay uses a small current to switch a larger one, and a diode allows current in one direction only.

Definition · learn the exact words

Circuits are drawn with standard circuit symbols. A light-dependent resistor (LDR) has a lower resistance in bright light; a thermistor has a lower resistance when hot.

LDR: low resistance in light · thermistor: low resistance when hot

A relay uses a small current to switch a larger circuit; a diode allows current one way only.

Section 01

Read the symbols.

Match each symbol to its component and see how the input transducers respond.

Stage 1 · Learn

Check symbols and components

Four quick checks. Each correct answer earns XP and lights this skill on your star map.

Quick check+10 XP

In bright light, the resistance of an LDR is...

Quick check+10 XP

When a thermistor is hot, its resistance is...

Quick check+10 XP

A relay is a component that...

Quick check+10 XP

Which component allows current to pass in one direction only?

Section 02

What each component does.

Some components simply pass current; others sense light or heat, or switch and steer the current.

Examiner trap

An LDR has a high resistance in the dark and a low resistance in bright light. A thermistor has a high resistance when cold and a low resistance when hot. It is easy to state both the wrong way round.

Stage 2 · Exam

Exam-style questions

Unlocks once the four checks above are done. Worth more XP, written in the style of Paper 2.

Finish the four checks above to unlock the exam questions
Exam style+20 XP

Which component would be used as a light sensor in a circuit?

Exam style+20 XP

On a cold day, the resistance of a thermistor is...

Exam style+20 XP

A small sensor current needs to switch a powerful motor on and off. The component for this is a...

Skill unlocked

Symbols and components, mastered.

Circuit symbols and components are mapped. Keep the chain going.

-Rank -Level -Score -Topics
Go deeper · practice
Six original Cambridge-style questions
Standard circuit symbols and the behaviour of the LDR, thermistor, relay, diode and fuse. Attempt each, then reveal the worked solution.
Stage 3 · master the unit
Electricity and magnetism challenge
Mixed questions across the whole unit, each one worth XP. Start this only when you feel confident across every topic in the unit, not just symbols and components.
Start the unit challenge →