IGCSE 0625 / Section 1.8 / Core

The same force, spread thin.

A drawing pin barely needs a push to pierce a board, yet the same finger pressing flat does nothing. The force has not changed, only the area it acts on. Concentrate a force onto a tiny area and the pressure soars; spread it wide and it gently shares the load.

The key idea

Pressure is the force acting per unit area: p = F ÷ A, measured in pascals (Pa), where one pascal is one newton per square metre. For the same force, a smaller area gives a larger pressure.

Definition · learn the exact words

Pressure is the force acting per unit area, at right angles to the surface.

p = F / A  (unit: pascal, Pa)

One pascal is one newton per square metre. For a fixed force, a smaller area means a larger pressure.

Section 01

Shrink the area, raise the pressure.

Keep the force fixed and change the area it acts on. The pressure reading climbs sharply as the area shrinks, which is exactly why blades and points are made thin.

Stage 1 · Learn

Check pressure

Four quick checks on the equation, its unit, and the area effect. Each correct answer earns XP and lights this skill on your star map.

Quick check+10 XP

Pressure is calculated as...

Quick check+10 XP

Pressure is measured in...

Quick check+10 XP

One pascal is equal to...

Quick check+10 XP

For the same force, a smaller area gives a...

Section 02

Points, blades, and snowshoes.

The defining equation and its rearrangement for force:

p = F ÷ A  (force in N, area in m², pressure in Pa)
F = p × A
Worked example

A box weighing 150 N rests on the floor, in contact over an area of 0.30 m². Find the pressure it exerts on the floor.

Step 1 · Write the equationp = F ÷ A
Step 2 · Substitutep = 150 ÷ 0.30
Step 3 · Answerp = 500 Pa
Examiner trap

Two slips cost marks here. First, divide the force by the area, do not multiply. Second, when an object simply rests on a surface, the force is its weight, so a mass in kilograms must be turned into a weight in newtons with W = mg before you divide.

Stage 2 · Exam

Exam-style questions

Unlocks once the four checks above are done. Worth more XP, written in the style of Paper 2.

Finish the four checks above to unlock the exam questions
Exam style+20 XP

A force of 200 N acts at right angles on an area of 0.50 m². The pressure is...

Exam style+20 XP

Snowshoes stop a walker sinking into soft snow because they...

Exam style+20 XP

A 60 kg person stands on one foot of area 0.015 m². Taking g = 10 N/kg, the pressure on the floor is...

Skill unlocked

Pressure, mastered.

This skill is now lit gold on your star map. Keep the chain going.

-Rank -Level -Score -Topics
Go deeper · practice
Six original Cambridge-style questions
The p = F/A relationship, its unit, the area effect, everyday applications, and calculations using weight. Attempt each, then reveal the worked solution.
Stage 3 · master the unit
Motion, forces and energy challenge
Mixed questions across the whole unit, each one worth XP. Start this only when you feel confident across every topic in the unit, not just pressure.
Start the unit challenge →