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Jigsaw activity · IGCSE 0625 · 1.2 Motion

Speed-time graphs: running the Jigsaw

A step-by-step guide to running the Jigsaw, followed by the expert cards, a recording sheet and a full answer key. The aim is that the structure can be run faithfully by any teacher, including a cover teacher.

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What it is, and why it works

Two stages, four experts, one whole picture

Jigsaw runs in two stages. In home groups of four, each member is assigned a different feature of a speed-time graph. The members then split into expert groups, where everyone with the same feature masters it together. They return to their home group and each teaches their feature, so the group assembles all four.

It passes the PIES test:

Positive interdependence

No home group has the whole picture unless every member teaches their part.

Individual accountability

Each learner is the only expert on their feature and may be called at random.

Equal participation

Every learner both learns and teaches.

Simultaneous interaction

All the expert groups, and then all the home groups, work at once.

Before the lesson

Three things to prepare

Setting up the groups

The run, step by step

About 14 minutes

Assign1 min

Number off 1 to 4 within each home group and hand out the matching expert card.

Expert groups5 min

Learners with the same feature gather and agree what the line looks like, what it means, one example, and how they will teach it in about a minute.

Teach back6 min

Learners return to their home group; each expert teaches their feature in turn (about 90 seconds each) while the others fill in that row of the recording sheet.

Assemble and check2 min

The group reviews the full sheet; the teacher takes a random call, a name and a feature, to confirm everyone has all four.

Sentence stems for teaching back

"my feature is ..." "on a speed-time graph it looks like ..." "that means the object is ..." "an example is ..."

The teacher's role during the activity

During the expert groups, visit each one and check the feature is correct before anyone teaches it, so no learner teaches an error. During the teach-back, listen for the graph-type confusion (a horizontal line is constant speed here, not stationary) and for the unit of acceleration, and prompt rather than correct. Take the random call at the end.

Closing the activity

The random call is the accountability check: because any learner may be asked about any feature, not just their own, everyone must learn all four. Finish by restating the four features and the unit of acceleration, m/s². This feeds straight into the exit ticket.

Troubleshooting and differentiation

When the room does not behave like the plan

An expert is unsure: send them back to the expert-group notes or the displayed graph; never let an error be taught.

A home group is uneven: one member covers two features, or pair the area feature with a confident learner.

A group finishes early: ask them to sketch one journey that uses all four features in order.

Time runs short: drop the area feature to Lesson 5 and run three experts.

Expert cards

Cut out one card per expert

The feature graphs are shown on the cards for reference; the same figures are displayed in the slides.

Expert 1

Constant speed

On a speed-time graph it looks like
a horizontal line above the time axis.
It means
the speed is not changing: the object moves at a steady speed.
Example or check
a car holding 20 m/s on a motorway draws a flat line at 20 m/s.
The journey graph; the flat middle section is the constant-speed feature.
The flat middle section is your feature
Expert 2

Acceleration

On a speed-time graph it looks like
a line sloping upwards.
It means
the speed is increasing: the object is speeding up. a = Δv ÷ Δt, in m/s².
Example or check
from rest to 20 m/s in 8 s gives a = 20 ÷ 8 = 2.5 m/s².
A speed-time line rising from rest to 20 metres per second in 8 seconds with its gradient triangle.
The gradient triangle gives the acceleration
Expert 3

Deceleration

On a speed-time graph it looks like
a line sloping downwards.
It means
the speed is decreasing: the object is slowing down. This is a negative acceleration (Extended).
Example or check
15 m/s to 3 m/s in 4 s gives a = (3 − 15) ÷ 4 = −3 m/s².
A speed-time line falling from 15 to 3 metres per second in 4 seconds.
A falling line: the speed drops
Expert 4 · Extended

Area under the line

On a speed-time graph it looks like
the region between the line and the time axis.
It means
the area under a speed-time graph is the distance travelled. Split it into a triangle and a rectangle and add them.
Example or check
a triangle of 0.5 × 4 × 12 = 24 m plus a rectangle of 6 × 12 = 72 m gives 96 m.
The area under a speed-time graph split into a triangle of 24 metres and a rectangle of 72 metres.
Triangle + rectangle = the distance
Home-group recording sheet

Fill in one row as each expert teaches

FeatureWhat the line looks likeWhat it means (and an example)
Constant speed
Acceleration
Deceleration
Area under the line
Answer key

Teacher notes

Original work by the TheLucidSTEM team. Designed for the lesson on this site; no past paper material is reproduced.
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