IGCSE 0625 / Section 4.2.4 / Extended
Supplement (Extended) content

The shape tells the story.

Plot current against voltage and each component signs its name in the shape of the line. A straight line, a gentle curve, a one-way valve: read the graph and you read the component.

The key idea

For a metal resistor at constant temperature the current is proportional to the p.d., a straight line through the origin. A filament lamp gives a curve that flattens as it heats and its resistance rises. A diode allows current in one direction only.

Definition · learn the exact words

A current-voltage graph shows how the current through a component varies with the p.d. across it. A straight line through the origin means the resistance is constant.

straight line through origin → constant resistance

A filament lamp curves because heating raises its resistance; a diode conducts one way only.

Section 01

Sweep the voltage, trace the curve.

Trace the graph for a mystery component and decide what it is from the shape.

Stage 1 · Learn

Check iv graphs

Four quick checks. Each correct answer earns XP and lights this skill on your star map.

Quick check+10 XP

A fixed resistor at constant temperature gives a current-voltage graph that is...

Quick check+10 XP

As a filament lamp gets hotter, its resistance...

Quick check+10 XP

A diode allows current to flow...

Quick check+10 XP

A straight line through the origin on a current-voltage graph means the resistance is...

Section 02

Three shapes to recognise.

Resistor, lamp and diode each give a distinctive line.

ComponentCurrent-voltage graph
Fixed resistor (constant temperature)Straight line through the origin
Filament lampCurve that flattens as it heats, resistance rises
DiodeCurrent in one direction only
Examiner trap

Only a fixed resistor at constant temperature gives a straight line through the origin. The filament lamp curves because heating it raises its resistance, and the diode passes current in only one direction.

Stage 2 · Exam

Exam-style questions

Unlocks once the four checks above are done. Worth more XP, written in the style of Paper 2.

Finish the four checks above to unlock the exam questions
Exam style+20 XP

A component gives a current-voltage graph that curves and flattens as the voltage rises. It is most likely a...

Exam style+20 XP

A current-voltage graph shows current only for positive voltages and none for negative. The component is a...

Exam style+20 XP

For a metal wire kept at constant temperature, doubling the p.d. across it...

Skill unlocked

Iv graphs, mastered.

Current-voltage graphs are mapped. Keep the chain going.

-Rank -Level -Score -Topics
Go deeper · practice
Six original Cambridge-style questions
Current-voltage graphs for a resistor, filament lamp and diode, and what the shapes show about resistance. Attempt each, then reveal the worked solution.
Stage 3 · master the unit
Electricity and magnetism challenge
Mixed questions across the whole unit, each one worth XP. Start this only when you feel confident across every topic in the unit, not just iv graphs.
Start the unit challenge →